PRODUCTION OF ANHYDROUS BIO-ETHANOL FROM PALM WINE SUITABLE FOR BIO-DIESEL SYNTHESIS

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PRODUCTION OF ANHYDROUS BIO-ETHANOL FROM PALM WINE SUITABLE FOR BIO-DIESEL SYNTHESIS .

ABSTRACT

The production of anhydrous bio-ethanol from palm wine obtained from the oil palm (Elaeis geuineensis) is the main objective of this work. Fresh palm wine was subjected to fermentation within a 4-day study period. The fermented palm wine was thereafter subjected to distillation processes: simple sequential and azeotropic distillations. Physico-chemical property tests were performed on samples of fermented palm wine and that of bio-ethanol, while gas chromatographic tests were further performed on bioethanol. The results obtained for the fermented palm wine showed pH: 6.4 to 5.0; specific gravity: 1.084 to 0.998; refractive index: 1.3336 to 1.3363; alcohol content: 0 to 11.62 % etc. Also, the results of the bio-ethanol which were classified hydrous and anhydrous are presented. Hydrous bio-ethanol: specific gravity, 0.8126; water content, 4.351 %; refractive index, 1.3352; bioethanol purity, 95.0 % w/w and anhydrous bio-ethanol: specific gravity, 0.7998; water content, 0.6284 %; refractive index, 1.3358; bio-ethanol purity, 99.0 % w/w etc. The gas chromatographic analysis also showed ethanol peak values of 92.6 % (± 1.5 %) and 98.5243 % (±1.5 %) respectively for hydrous and anhydrous bio-ethanol. From the results obtained, it can be implied that azeotropic distillation (with cyclo-hexane) is a good alternative route for anhydrous ethanol production that is recommendable for bio-diesel production.

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