INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION STRATEGIES ON TEACHING AND LEARNING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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INFLUENCE OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION STRATEGIES ON TEACHING AND LEARNING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Education is a vital tool for national development which is only attainable through the school system. It produces the human capital that utilizes all other factors of production in order to yield desired output towards nation building. Teaching and learning is a process that can only be efficient when there is an effective mechanism for checks and balances, such as effective monitoring and evaluation. Monitoring has to do with intermittent and careful watch and check on something over a period of time in order to see how it develops, so that one can make necessary changes. Evaluation, on the other hand, has to do with critical assessment of a planned programme so as to ascertain the level of attainment of set goals and objectives. It is a mechanism for providing feedback for students, teachers and policy makers. Through evaluation, diagnosis is made of short falls in the programme so as to draw up corrective measures to improve on it. Monitoring and evaluation, therefore, is a veritable tool through which the school system can be highly improved. It is through this medium that school supervisors and inspectors otherwise known as quality assurance officers, ensure that classroom instruction are improved because teachers are made to be more alive towards their responsibilities. Thus, enhancing on their competencies and make them more accountable. The essence of monitoring and supervision is basically to ensure day to day effective implementation of curriculum in our schools. Monitoring and evaluation adopts varying strategies in order to achieve the objectives it is purported to achieve, amongst which are: regular appraisal of the school system through quality assurance inspection, school records assessment, ensuring that lesson notes and plans are scrutinised before lesson delivery, use of continuous assessment for students to ascertain their level of performance, annual performance assessment of teachers as a yardstick for promotion from one grade level to another. In the Federal Capital Territory – Abuja, monitoring and evaluation unit of the Federal Capital Development Authority Education Secretariat was specifically established in conjunction with the Department of Policy Implementation (DPI) to perform the functions of quality assurance supervision and also appraise the school‟s system generally (Secondary Schools in FCT).

The monitoring and evaluation and the DPI unit of the FCDA Education Secretariat perform same function as the former inspectorate division. However, despite efforts to correct anomalies with regards to the quality of teaching and learning in FCT schools, through the establishment of monitoring and evaluation unit, much seemed to be desired. Performances of students in internal and external examinations are not very impressive and teachers‟ productivity is dwindling. This calls for the need to try to correct the situation before it completely gets out of hand. This is what prompted this study. Thus, the study „Influence of monitoring and evaluation strategies on teaching and learning in secondary schools in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja‟ is an attempt to closely investigate how monitoring and evaluation influences teaching and learning in secondary schools in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. This is with a view to provide information that would further enhance role performance of monitoring and evaluation and subsequently facilitate effective teaching and learning in FCT secondary schools.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Over the years, Nigeria has witnessed with pain and anguish, series of disheartening images emerging from its educational system. The students‟ educational performance has been on the declining plane (Olaofe, 2005). The second half of 1950s to the late 70s can be described as the golden age of Nigeria educational development (Ojo, 1996). The standard of education at all levels of the country‟s educational system was relatively high. However, the same cannot be said today.

The changes seem to have started very gradually from 70s, worsened in the 80s and have now reached an alarming proportion. The number of candidates registering for WAEC/SSCE has increased geometrically while the number of such candidates who pass with 5 credits and above including Mathematics and English language has invariably declined (Inuwa, 2007).

Central Bank of Nigeria (1995) summarised the causes of these` marked decline in the educational performance to include shortage of qualified teachers, inadequate financial and infrastructural facilities, deteriorating moral values in the society, including the government and the school misplaced priority as a result of inadequate monitoring and evaluation of the system.

In the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) there are various institutions charged with the monitoring and evaluation of educational system. These include those officers in the Department of Policy Implementation (DPI), those in the Quality Assurance Unit and the principals of secondary schools, in the area. A cross examination of those educational quality control shows that, they all have common objectives: to inspect schools and their records such as lesson notes, curriculum content to ensure quality of teaching/ learning and promote better educational performance in our secondary schools.

How has the efforts of these monitoring officers influenced the performance of the teachers in FCT in terms of teaching/learning? Are the various school records such as lesson notes, diaries and curriculum assessment effectively monitored and appropriately kept?

This scenario has made many Nigerians particularly the stakeholders feel concerned about the state of the education system. It is against this background that the researcher ventured into conducting this study on the influence of monitoring and evaluation strategies on teaching and learning in Senior Secondary Schools in FCT. This is to enable those involved in the educational delivery services find the adequacy and other wise of the inspectors, school records, lesson notes/plans, continuous assessment and their influence on teaching and learning.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The study was set to achieve the following objectives:

to determine the influence of appraisal of school systems performance on teaching and learning in Secondary Schools of FCT Abuja;

to examine the influence of school record assessment on teaching and learning in Secondary Schools of FCT Abuja;

to find out the influence of assessment of lesson plans and notes on teaching and learning in Secondary Schools in FCT Abuja; and

to ascertain the influence of continuous assessment on teaching and learning in Secondary Schools in FCT Abuja.

1.4 Research Questions

The researcher attempted to find answers to the following questions:

In what ways does appraisal of school system influence teaching and learning in secondary schools of FCT Abuja?

What are the influence of school records assessment on teaching and learning in secondary schools of FCT Abuja?

To what extent does assessment of lesson plans and notes influence teaching and learning in secondary schools of FCT Abuja?

How does continuous assessment influence teaching and learning in secondary schools of FCT Abuja?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

The following hypotheses were postulated and tested:

There is no significant difference in the opinions of Principals, Quality Assurance Officials and Department of Policy Implementation Officials on the influence of appraisal of school system on teaching and learning in secondary schools, FCT Abuja.

There is no significant difference in the opinions of Principals, Quality Assurance Officials and Department of Policy Implementation Officials on the influence of assessment of school records on teaching and learning in secondary schools, FCT Abuja.

There is no significant difference in the opinions of Principals, Quality Assurance Officials and Department of Policy Implementation Officials on the influence of assessment of lesson plans/notes on teaching and learning in secondary schools, FCT Abuja.

There is no significant difference in the opinions of Principals, Quality Assurance Officials and Department of Policy Implementation Officials on the influence of continuous assessment on teaching and learning in secondary schools of FCT Abuja.

1.6 Basic Assumptions

This study was conducted on the basis that:

Monitoring and evaluation are vital components of school and educational system for high performance in secondary schools of FCT Abuja.

Monitoring and evaluations are vital components of school and educational system in terms of school record assessment in secondary schools of FCT Abuja

Monitoring and evaluation are vital components of school and educational system in terms of the assessment of lesson plans and notes in secondary schools of FCT Abuja

Monitoring and evaluation are vital components of school and educational system in terms of continuous assessment in secondary schools of FCT Abuja.

1.7 Significance of the Study

This study is an attempt to examine the influence of monitoring and evaluation in teaching and learning in secondary schools in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. It will go a long way in providing information that will be utilized by an array of personalities such as officials of department of policy and implementation, quality assurance officers and principals of secondary schools. The study will provide information that will assist planners and administrators in the decision making process, particularly as it pertains to recruitment, posting of staff to take charge of monitoring and evaluation in respective secondary schools in Federal Capital Territory. The study will help them to see areas of lapses in relation to monitoring and evaluation processes in secondary schools. The study will provide feedback mechanism to officials of DPI and QAO on how they fare in their monitoring and evaluation activities. It will provide the principals with necessary information that will enable them fortify their position towards effective monitoring and evaluation in their respective schools.

1.8 Scope of the Study

The study is on the influence of monitoring and evaluation on teaching and learning in secondary schools in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. It attempted to find out whether or not monitoring and evaluation have influence on teaching and learning in secondary schools of FCT. The study involved school administrators (Principals), Officers of Department of Policy and Implementation and Quality Assurance Officers of FCT Abuja.

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