EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CRUDE AND REFINED GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA LINN) OIL

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EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CRUDE AND REFINED GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA LINN) OIL

Abstract

This study investigated the extraction and characterization of crude and refined groundnut oil. Oil was extracted by Soxhlet method using petroleum ether (60-80) for 8 hours. Refining of oil was done by chemical method. Chemical properties measured during investigation were free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), p-Anisidine value (AV), Total oxidation value (TOTOX), Conjugated dienes value (CD), thiobarbituric acid value (TBA), carotenoid, and total tocopherol. The values obtained for crude groundnut oil are FFA (2.8±0.03 % as oleic acid), PV (1.26±0.04 meq/kg), AV (7.52±0.03), TOTOX (10.04±0.01), CD (0.36±0.01 % as dienoic acid), TBA (7.17±0.04 meq/kg), carotenoid (75.6±0.09 mg/kg) and total tocopherol (670±7.5 ppm). On the other hand, chemical characteristics of refined groundnut oil was FFA (1.98±0.01 % as oleic acid), PV (0.92±0.01 meq/kg), AV (4.77±0.04), TOTOX (6.61±0.02), CD (0.21±0.04 % as dienoic acid), TBA (3.09±0.01 meq/kg), carotenoid (34.85 ±0.05 mg/kg) and total tocopherol (219±1.9). From the results it can be seen that groundnut oil has greater potential for domestic and industrial oil.

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