NIGERIA INDUSTRIALISATION PLAN: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

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NIGERIA INDUSTRIALISATION PLAN: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

CHAPTER ONE:

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Although different countries in the contemporary world adopt different rules in their quest for economic development, the degree and sustainability of attainable development has often been influenced by the trend and level of industrialization extent in each country. In other words, modern society is based on industrializations and specialization and the smooth running or management of the organizations involved in crucial to its existence.

Thus, it is widely accepted that no country can effectively engineer high per capita income, employment, living standards or even become wealthy in the long run without first becoming substantially industrialized. On the basis of the positive relationship that exist between industrial and economic development and the belief that benefits from the later could later lead to improvement in human welfare is important. Developing countries unhesitately embraced various industrial development models proffered by some scholars.

With the exception of some notable Asian and Latin American countries, these model have failed to put the recipient nations in the path of becoming industrialized.

According to Wibert (1965:4) ‘’industry refers to the fabrication of raw materials into intermediate components of finished products by mechanical means dependent on inanimate source of power’’ Meir (1976:662), broadly described industrialization as the gamut of ‘’Relation involving workers, employers and society as they develop to make use of the new machines, process and services that modern technology has made possible’’. In another words, it is the application of power-driven machinery to manufacturing.

In Nigeria, as in other Africa countries, colonial policies shaped the pattern of industrial development. In order to facilitate the extraction of raw agricultural inputs from the hinterland to metropolitan industries located in Britain, the colonial administrations established few towns Lagos, Kaduna, Kano, Port Harcourt, Enugu, Ibadan and other as administrations posts. These towns later transformed into the nation’s industrial enslaves (territories)

As one of the foremost states out of Nigeria defunct Eastern region in 1967, Rivers State starkly embodies all ramifications of the country’s disarticulated industrial policies. Port Harcourt Sate capital remains the only urban centre with virtually all industrial investments since the creation of the state.

Industrialization has been seen as a catalyst to economic development. This is a challenge which has been seen as a catalyst to economic development. This is a chall3enge which has been accepted by successive government of River State.

Believing that industrialization is an integral and in spreadable part of economic development.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

For more than three decades, development induced industrialization has remained the propelling force behind Nigeria’s economic development policies.

The attractiveness of this model of development emanate from the argument that greater possibilities of technological progress employment generation, production of quality goods and assured economic independence exit in industry than agriculture. Consequently, successive Nigeria government since 1960 have pursued urban centred industrialization in the hope that generated development would eventually trick down to other parts of the country.

Unfortunately, the trickling development so achieved has by passed or affected very inadequately certain regions and groups of people. This pattern of industrialization has exacerbated inter-regional disparities in the state and the neglect of the non-industrial sectors. With the steady increase in population and influxes of immigrants into the state capital, the expectation that existing industries would foster greater productivity and employment opportunities has turned illusive.

The inverse relationship in terms of the staging unemployment and regional inequality in Rivers State renders the trend of industrialization in Nigeria in general and Rivers State in particular highly questionable.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The study seeks to ascertain the impact of industrialization on the Economic development of Rivers State. This major objective can be broken down into the following sub-objectives.

To determine the influence of industrialization on employment generation in Rivers State.
To ascertain the contributions of the industrial sector to provision of socio-economic infrastructures in Rivers State.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESITONS (HYPOTHESIS QUESTION)

This study was conducted in Rivers State. The Survey is premised on the ascertain that lopsided concentration of industrial investment in river State has impacted on the Economic development of the state.

The questions addressed include

Has the high level of industrial concentration in the state capital led to significant gainful employment of indigenes of the state?
Has the above pattern of industrialization contributed to substantial provision of socio-economic infrastructures in the rural areas of the state?

1.5 METHOD OF STUDY

Since the study makes use of both primary and secondary information, analysis of data is undertaken at two levels – table and simple percentage analysis. Useful qualitative information is sourced through primary information entailed in the administration of one management questionnaire to each of the firm involved in the study. Another set of questionnaire was administered to indigenes of the respective communities sampled for the study.

The secondary source of information included books, government official papers, journals, magazine etc. at this junction, it suffices to state that the task of gathering required data for this study was not an easy one., this was primarily due to the classified and corporate nature of source of the information required.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

One fo the topical problems that has held the attention of economists from the time of Adam Smith, and still lend itself to vigorous analysis, is the issue of the economic development of nations. These analyses have usually involved studies evaluation of the contributions of the respective of the sub-sector of the economy to the gross domestic product (GNDP), employment, income and the general standards of living.

As Professor Black (1972), has observed, economic development today is for the most part a matter of deliberate policy rather than spontaneous events. Regrettably, much of Rivers State’s experience since its creation consists of disarticulated industrial policies that has worsened the problems of unemployment, regional and personal inequality, and Poverty and youth rustiness in the state.

Thus, the importance of this study lies in its attempt to expose the inefficiency of our industrialization efforts over the past two decades.

It is also hoped that this study will assist economic planners, and policy implementations to design appropriate industrial strategies that would help to alleviate the problems of economic growths and neglect which has persisted in the presence of numerous industrial investments in Rivers State. This study will even be of much relevance at the individual level, if its findings helps in sensitizing us who may be future policy makers against repeating the mistake that has turned our present economic into galloping (instability of our economic)

SCOPE/LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is geographically restrictive to Rivers State. The work specifically concentration on two manufacturing companies in the state.

The major limitation of this work lies with the relatively limited number of companies in the study and that amount of data used. For instance, the data pertaining to the number industrial firms in the state ministry of commerce and industry. It is not possible to acertian the number of firms operating in the state up to this 2004 due to non-registration. Similarly, vital information regarding the current number of Rivers State indigences employed by the various industires nad Federal government parastals could not be provided even by the state ministry of commerce and industry and ministry of labour and employment generation.

Personal efforts on the part of the researcher to obtain these information through the questionnaire administered to the companies sampled for the study also proved futile. Consequently, much of the data, particularly those pertaining to the staff strength of Rivers State indigence’s in these firms were obtained through oral interviews with some staff of the companies without recording proves.

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